ginkgo biloba common name

Family: Ginkgoaceae. Brought back to America at the end of the 18 th Century, the Ginkgo tree can now be found across America, planted as an ornamental tree often in the same soil where previous trees failed. Danish: Tempeltræ. Botanical name: Ginkgo biloba: Family: Ginkgoaceae belong to the class of the Ginkgophytes. Bleeding may occur. Analytical methods, biological standardization, and fingerprinting of ginkgo extracts have been reported.Liu 2015, Ude 2013, van Beek 2009, The main medicinal constituents of ginkgo are found in the leaf. This is even true amongst people suffering from Raynaud’s Phenomona, a condition characterised by dangerously cold hands and feet. On the impotence front, Gingko is seen as an impotence aid because it increases circulation, to the brain and to points further south. The symptoms addressed by gingko extracts include: short term memory loss, dementia, depression, vascular fragility (bruising easily), intermittent claudication, poor circulation, tinnitis, and impotence. GBE has an immediate effect and a long term effect. The name Ginkgo comes from the Japanese words gin, “silver”, and kyo, “apricot” and refers to its silvery apricot like fruit. Ginkgo biloba, also called maidenhair, is the name of a tree that’s native to China. Consider therapy modification.Bebbington 2005, Beckert 2007, Benjamin 2001, Fessenden 2001, Gardner 2007, Gilbert 1997, Jayasekera 2005, Matthews 1998, Rosenblatt 1997, Rowin 1996, Vale 1998, Wolf 2006, Thrombolytic agents: Herbs (anticoagulant/antiplatelet properties) may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of thrombolytic agents. The major terpene molecules unique to ginkgo are ginkgolides A, B, C, J, and M and bilobalide. Herbalists call GBE the perfect remedy for aging because it strengthens organs that can degenerate with age: the eyes, brain, and the blood vessels. It is one of the oldest trees in the world, dating back to over 200 million years ago. The long-term effects of G. biloba extract on sexual function were then assessed in 68 sexually dysfunctional women randomly assigned to 8 weeks of treatment with G. biloba extract 300 mg/day, placebo, sex therapy alone, or sex therapy in combination with G. biloba extract. It remains unclear whether ginkgo has a role in reducing the incidence of dementia in elderly patients or protecting against decline in cognitive function. However, GBE needs to be used on a daily basis to counteract the effects of the very daily aging process. One study (N=47) reported no increase in liver injury markers or genomic measures (micronucleus frequency, comet assay, c-myc, p53, and ctnnb1 expression profile in lymphocytes).Bonassi 2018 In an analysis of cancer as a secondary end point in the 3,069 participants of the GEM study, no protective effect of ginkgo was observed. Some patients have reported improvement in as few as seven days. As men age circulation to the extremities can diminish, this includes the ultimate male extremity, the penis. Ginkgo biloba Taxonomy ID: 3311 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid3311) current name Native to (or naturalized in) Oregon: No. When ginkgo is administered orally during fasting, bioavailability is high; food did not change the AUC quantitatively but did increase the time to maximum plasma concentration.Ude 2013, Woelkart 2010, The availability of unregulated or nonstandardized products needs to be considered when using ginkgo.Yadav 2014, Although a systematic review reports that traditional and common use has not indicated substantive risks in pregnancy or lactation, very weak scientific evidence from animal and in vitro studies shows ginkgo leaf has antiplatelet activity, and low-level evidence based on expert opinion shows ginkgo leaf may be an emmenagogue. This is only a brief summary of general information about this product. Ginkgo needs to be taken for a minimum of 3 months to experience major benefits, and can be taken long term if necessary. Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgo's place in therapy for dementia seems limited, and a role in schizophrenia has not been established. This information is not specific medical advice and does not replace information you receive from your health care provider. Going out and picking leaves or buying dried leaves at the health food shop is probably a waste of time! For site-specific cancers, there were nonsignificant trends towards an increased risk of breast (HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 0.97 to 4.8; P=0.06) and colorectal (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 0.92 to 2.87; P=0.1) cancers, and a reduced risk of prostate cancer (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.43 to 1.17; P=0.18).Biggs 2010, Ginkgo seeds have been reported to induce a toxic syndrome ("Gin-nan" food poisoning). Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. The instant increase in blood to the brain brings instant results-memory improves. Injectable forms of ginkgo may cause circulatory disturbances, skin allergy, or phlebitis; parenteral ginkgo was withdrawn from the market because of the potential for severe adverse reactions.De Smet 1997 Ginkgo products have been implicated in reports of hepatic injury collected between 2004 and 2013 by 8 US centers in the Drug-induced Liver Injury Network.Navarro 2014 Ginkgo pollen can be strongly allergenic. Pharmacokinetic testing of ginkgo doseforms, including capsules, drops, and tablets, has been conducted. Ginkgo is one of the most commonly prescribed medications in Europe, but it is not approved for medical use in the United States, where it is sold only as a nutritional supplement.Mohanta 2014, WHO 1999, Reviews of the chemical constituents of ginkgo have been published. A flavone glycoside found in gingko leaves has been demonstrated in clinical trails to be of huge benefit in stopping the ageing process. In one study, GBE reduced headaches in 80% of the people who took it, most of whom were having migraines regularly. Consider therapy modification.Benjamin 2001, Engelsen 2002, Jiang 2005, Jiang 2006, Matthews 1998, Odawara 1997, Rosenblatt 1997, Skogh 1998, Taki 2011, Vale 1998, In large clinical trials using maximum dosages of standardized ginkgo extract 240 mg/day for durations of up to 6 years, reported adverse reactions did not differ from those in placebo groups.Birks 2009, Dekosky 2008, Snitz 2009, Weinmann 2010 A trial evaluating the safety and effectiveness of ginkgo at dosages of 240 mg/day over 22 weeks found no difference in adverse events for ginkgo compared with placebo.Napryeyenko 2009, The effect of ginkgo on platelets is unclear, but evidence from controlled studies consistently indicates that ginkgo does not impact hemostasis.Bone 2008 Case reports of increased bleeding risk exist, but clinical trials have found no effect on platelet function.Bebbington 2005, Rosenblatt 1997, Wolf 2006 Ginkgo should be used with caution in populations with bleeding risks.Page 2016, Severe adverse reactions are rare. Case reports describe headache, dizziness, and heart palpitations, as well as GI and dermatologic reactions. Additionally, data do not support enhanced cognitive function resulting from G. biloba use in healthy individuals. Smaller clinical studies have generally reported positive findings,Bonassi 2018, Hauns 2001, Xu 2003 and one epidemiologic study claimed that ginkgolide A and B may be associated with chemoprevention of certain forms of ovarian cancer.Ye 2007 However, in an analysis of cancer as a secondary end point in the 3,069 participants of the GEM study, no protective effect of ginkgo was observed. View abstract. These include flavonoids and several terpene trilactones unique to ginkgo (ginkgolides and bilobalide). Occurrence of neurotoxic 4'-O-methylpyridoxine in ginkgo biloba leaves, ginkgo medications and Japanese ginkgo food. Evidence is lacking to support a protective role in cardiovascular conditions and stroke. Its incredible adaptability explains why it is still around and the dinosaurs are fossils! In patients with vascular dementia or Alzheimer disease and tinnitus, a small but statistically significant reduction in tinnitus was observed.Hilton 2013 A literature review reports equivocal results,Mahmoudian-Sani 2017 and a small (N=56) clinical study found no effect of ginkgo supplementation on idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss for most outcomes measured, except for speech discrimination.Koo 2016, The American Association of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery clinical practice guidelines for tinnitus (2014) recommend against the use of ginkgo or other dietary supplements for treating patients with persistent tinnitus (moderate-quality aggregate evidence).Tunkel 2014, Limited studies suggest potential applications in hyperuricemia,Zhang 2017 renoprotection,Chávez-Morales 2017, Zhang 2017 aerobic performance,Sadowska-Krępa 2017 and vitiligo.Parsad 2003, Ginkgo has been evaluated for the prevention of acute mountain sickness, with equivocal results with most finding no benefit.Chow 2005, Gertsh 2004, Leadbetter 2009, Moraga 2007 A network meta-analysis of pharmacological interventions for prevention of acute mountain sickness found no significant benefit for ginkgo compared to placebo, and the addition of ginkgo to acetazolamide provided no benefit over acetazolamide alone.Sridharan 2018. No changes in glucose tolerance were observed.Kudolo 2000 In a follow-up study of type 2 diabetes patients taking oral hypoglycemic agents, ginkgo increased pancreatic beta cell function in response to glucose loading.Kudolo 2001 Over a 3-month period, the pharmacokinetic properties of metformin 500 mg once daily were not affected by coadministration of 120 mg of ginkgo.Kudolo 2006 Ingestion of 120 mg/day of standardized ginkgo extract for 3 months did not produce insulin resistance in nondiabetic and prediabetic populations, nor did it exacerbate the disease in type 2 diabetic subjects.Aziz 2018, Kudolo 2006, Evidence is lacking regarding the role of gingko in the management of menopausal symptoms or sexual function in women.Reid 2014, Wheatley 2004 Clinical trials with small sample sizes have produced varying and equivocal results regarding effects of ginkgo on sexual function.Ashton 2000, Boone 2005, Oh 2006, Ozgoli 2009, Wheatley 2004 In one study (N=99), G. biloba extract had a small but significant facilitatory effect on physiological, but not subjective, sexual arousal compared to placebo. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 6 Jan 2021), Cerner Multum™ (updated 4 Jan 2021), ASHP (updated 6 Jan 2021) and others. Ginkgo biloba L.. Common Name: Maidenhair Tree Family: Ginkgoaceae Engl. It does NOT include all information about the possible uses, directions, warnings, precautions, interactions, adverse effects, or risks that may apply to this product. A male ginkgo tree is a great addition to most gardens. Bleeding may occur. The leaves of Ginkgo can be used pharmaceutically. Consider therapy modification.Mousa 2010, Spolarich 2007, Stanger 2012, Ulbricht 2008, Anticoagulants: Herbs (anticoagulant/antiplatelet properties) may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of anticoagulants. Practitioners Advice Consider taking Ginkgo if you have a family history of senile dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, or if you have senile dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. QUICK REVIEW History: Used in recent days for poor memory Science: Proven to improve Alzheimer’s Disease Practitioners’ opinion: Works in most cases of senile dementia. It has been traced back more than 200 million years to fossils of the Permian geologic period and is the sole survivor of the family Ginkgoaceae. Senility patients do notice an improvement after a few weeks. We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information -, http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js2200e/18#Js2200e.18. Alternatives Hawthorn(Crataegus monogyna). Findings from large trials have been pivotal in evaluating the efficacy of G. biloba extracts; however, there is not enough quality evidence to support the use of ginkgo for any indication. Shortly after use blood vessels open up and deliver blood to where it needs to go. Herbalists find that for men suffering from this type of impotence find relief with blood invigorating GBE. Dutch: Ginkgo, Tempelboom, Waaierboom, Japanse notenboom (this last name originates from the idea that the tree came from Japan and the seeds resembled nuts, but now we know this is incorrect and the name is not in common use). Meta-analyses of quality clinical trials evaluating ginkgo as add-on therapy in chronic schizophrenia have been conducted; G. biloba extract performed better than placebo in the management of total and negative symptoms.Chen 2015, Magalhães 2016, Singh 2010 However, data from a systematic review of herbal and nutritional products for treatment of ADHD in 50 children suggested that ginkgo 80 to 120 mg/day for 6 weeks provided no benefit compared with methylphenidate.Sarris 2011, Guidelines have been published regarding ginkgo's use in major depressive disorder and tardive dyskinesia. Ginkgo biloba, commonly called the ginkgo tree. This product may adversely interact with certain health and medical conditions, other prescription and over-the-counter drugs, foods, or other dietary supplements. Consumption of approximately 50 ginkgo seeds has produced convulsions in a 21-month-old child, and consumption of 70 to 80 seeds induced tonic-clonic seizures and loss of consciousness in a 36-year-old woman.Benjamin 2001, Hasegawa 2006, Miwa 2001 Between 1930 and 1960, 70 reports of poisoning related to ginkgo ingestion revealed a 27% mortality rate, with infants being the most vulnerable. This is a columnar ginkgo, meaning its growth habit is narrow and upright. 4-O-methylpyridoxine has been isolated from the seeds.Liu 2015, Ude 2013, USDA 2018, van Beek 2009, A standardized extract of G. biloba leaves has been examined in several forms of cancer, and numerous mechanisms of action have been proposed based on in vitro studies.Cao 2017, Eli 2006, Li 2002, Liu 2017, Lou 2017, Park 2017, Pretner 2006 Some animal experiments suggest that ginkgo leaf extract reduces the risk of oral cavity, stomach, and colorectal cancer.Ahmed 2017, Chen 2005, Kim 2005, Wang 2000 The deleterious effects of electromagnetic radiation on hippocampal cells were reduced by ginkgo extract given to rats for 1 month,Gevrek 2018 and a protective effect was reported in bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rats.Iraz 2006, Conversely, in a mouse colon cancer model, ginkgo exacerbated metastasis to the liver and decreased necrosis and apoptosis of tumor cells.Wang 2017 This is potentially explained by observed carcinogenicity of quercetin in rodents.Wang 2017, Limited clinical studies evaluating use of ginkgo in cancer have produced equivocal findings. After 3-month ingestion of G. biloba extract in one study (N=20), significant (P<0.001) increases in fasting plasma levels of insulin and C-peptide, and in insulin and C-peptide area under the curve (AUC) were observed after a 2-hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The extract of the Ginkgo biloba tree increases blood flow to the brain. Warnings Taking too much GBE (more than 240 mg) can cause dermatitis, diarrhea, and vomiting. Individual trees may live as long as 1,000 years and grow to a height of approximately 38 m. Ginkgo has characteristic fan-shaped leaves. Improves Circulation and Heart Health. Older men with poor circulation can have a hard time achieving an erection. The leaves of the Ginkgo tree, the part used in herbal medicine, are harvested in early autumn before they start to fall. Ginkgo should be used with caution during pregnancy, particularly around labor due to risk of prolonged bleeding time, and should be avoided during lactation.Dugoua 2006 An animal study of pregnant rats treated with ginkgo 7 to 14 mg/kg/day reported reduced fetal body weights,Pinto 2007 while another study found no evidence of embryotoxicity.Fernandes 2010, At recommended doses, standardized preparations of ginkgo leaf extract are unlikely to exhibit any clinically important interactions.Bone 2008, Unger 2013 Caution may be required with use of raw extracts of the leaf with anticoagulants, although evidence from controlled studies consistently indicates that ginkgo does not impact hemostasis.Bone 2008, At higher than recommended dose levels, weak induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP-450) 2C19- and weak inhibition of CYP3A4-mediated metabolism has been observed, as well as a limited effect on drug transporters.Unger 2013 Case reports of treatment failure implicate ginkgo, including in a 41-year-old man receiving antiretroviral therapy with efavirenz and taking a G. biloba 300 mg/day supplementNaccarato 2012; other studies suggest no interaction with raltegravir.Blonk 2012, The availability of unregulated or nonstandardized products, as well as potential interactions of supplements with pharmaceutical medications, must be considered when using ginkgo.Yadav 2014, Agents with antiplatelet properties: Herbs (anticoagulant/antiplatelet properties) may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of agents with antiplatelet properties. Little is known about whether it’s safe to use ginkgo while breastfeeding. Laboratory research indicates that through this process GBE sends more blood to the brain and to the body’s extremities. Those looking to avoid diminished mental capacity and those that find they are loosing mental capacity need to know about Gingko, or more specifically Gingko biloba extract(GBE long term). Bleeding may occur. Additionally, the guidelines state that there is inconsistent evidence supporting the use of ginkgo in the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer disease.Hort 2010 According to a British Association for Psychopharmacology revised (third) consensus statement (2017), until further evidence is available, ginkgo cannot be recommended for either treatment or prevention of Alzheimer disease.O'Brien 2017, The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) practice parameter for the management of dementia (published in 2001, reaffirmed in 2003) states that some patients with unspecified dementia may benefit from G. biloba; however, evidence-based efficacy data are lacking (practice option recommendation).Doody 2001 The American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry position statement for patients with dementia resulting from Alzheimer disease (2006) does not recommend the general use of ginkgo for Alzheimer disease.Lyketsos 2006 The American Psychiatric Association practice guideline for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer disease and other dementias (2007) does not recommend ginkgo for routine use in treating cognitive and functional loss due to uncertainty regarding safety and efficacy.Rabins 2007, Ginkgo extracts have been studied in clinical trials for conditions including schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), dyslexia, autism, anxiety, and migraine, with varying results.D'Andrea 2009, Donfrancesco 2007, Lovera 2007, Niederhofer 2009, Savage 2018, Woelk 2007, Yancheva 2009, As an antioxidant, ginkgo is of interest in schizophrenia. Roasted ginkgo seeds were consumed in ancient China and Japan and were considered a digestive aid and preventive agent for drunkenness. A recent study indicates that it can be used by anyone needing to improve their memory and this included a student cramming for an exam. If I was worried about memory, I would make myself acquainted with this herb product. In the days of lifestyle drugs that are used to prevent problems and increase the quality of life, gingko is coming into its own. Consumption of the seeds may induce a toxic syndrome. Long used primarily by the elderly, GBE’s use in now extended to young people suffering from poor memory. Consider therapy modification.Mousa 2010, Spolarich 2007, Stanger 2012, Ulbricht 2008, Vitamin K antagonists: Ginkgo biloba may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of vitamin K antagonists. Rates of discontinuation because of lack of effect were similar between groups; however, more donepezil patients discontinued because of adverse effects.Rapp 2018, A Cochrane meta-analysis (published in 2009 and including 36 trials) found that results lacked consistent evidence of clinically important effects on dementia or cognitive impairment. Ginkgo Biloba is an herb also known as Ginkgo Biloba biloba, Abricot Argenté Japonais, Adiantifolia, Arbre aux Écus, Arbre du Ciel, Arbre Fossile, Bai Guo Ye, Baiguo, Extrait de Ginkgo Biloba, Fossil Tree, Graine de Ginkgo Biloba, Herba Ginkgo Biloba Biloba, Japanese Silver Apricot, Kew Tree, Maidenhair Tree, Noyer du Japon, Pei Go Su Ye, Salisburia Adiantifolia, Yen Xing, Yinhsing, and …